Characteristics and development trend of motion control system industry
China motion control system news, the world’s latest motion control technology product news.
①Basic overview
A. Motion control technology
The motion control technology with feedback control as the core, mechanism as the controlled object, and mathematics as the basis is a science and technology developed during the process of human invention and manufacturing of machines. Human beings use motion control technology to create “good machines” that are more orderly, efficient, high-speed, precise, stable and reliable. Machines change the world, and motion control technology changes the design and manufacture of machines. It is an indispensable “tool making technology” for modern industry.
The development of modern motion control technology originated from the idea of precise control of various mechanical equipment such as steam engines and electric motors after the industrial revolution. Thanks to the advancement of modern control theory, microelectronics, and computer technology, motion control technology has become one of the most active fields in the development of modern industrial automation, and has been widely used in microelectronics, robots, CNC machine tools, electronic processing and testing, production Automation and other industrial manufacturing fields. In the era of modern industry, the application level of motion control technology is a symbol to measure the automation and intelligence level of a country’s equipment, and reflects the development level and market competitiveness of the manufacturing industry.
B. Motion control system
The motion control system is the core basic component of intelligent manufacturing equipment, which determines the accuracy and efficiency of the equipment, and is an important link in the differentiation of different brands of equipment.
From the perspective of basic structure, a typical motion control system mainly includes three major components: controller, driver + motor (actuator) and sensor. Its specific function is to transform the predetermined control scheme and planning instructions into the desired mechanical motion under complex conditions, and realize high-speed, high-precision trajectory and position control, speed control, torque control or force control of mechanical motion.
Among them, the motion controller is equivalent to the “brain” of the motion control system, the driver + motor is equivalent to the “heart” and “blood vessel”, and the sensor is the “perception unit of the nervous system”. The mechanical system is the “limbs” that carry the tasks. The motion controller sends control instructions to the driver, and the driver converts it into a current that can run the motor, drives the motor to run, and then drives the working machine (load) to achieve a specific motion. At the same time, various sensors of the motor and mechanical system feed back real-time information to the controller through signal processing, and the controller makes real-time adjustments to ensure the stable operation of the entire system.
servo motion controller market
The motion control system is integrated by hardware and software. The hardware is the industrial control board, including the main control unit, signal processing and other parts. The software includes motion control algorithms, logic tasks, system scheduling and related industrial application software. The quality and structure of hardware, the pros and cons of software and algorithms jointly determine the accuracy and efficiency of the motion control system. When the differentiation of hardware is not obvious, the software algorithm is the key to the motion control system. Motion control software can be upgraded to improve performance or repurpose during use, making intelligent equipment truly flexible.
Under the background of high-quality development of the equipment manufacturing industry and the development of the overall manufacturing industry towards the direction of lean management comprehensive ability and overall benefit improvement, the core indicators of the motion control system should include: the overall reliability and stability of the motion control system, applicable to different The performance and functional indicators of application scenarios (high speed, high precision, high real-time and high bandwidth, etc.) and rapid secondary development capabilities, as well as the friendly, easy-to-use and Perception and fault diagnosis) capabilities, interact with production lines and peripheral equipment, and participate in overall beat efficiency, production capacity, and supply chain decisions.
②Motion control system core components
A. Motion controller
The motion controller refers to a control device with the central logic control unit as the core, the sensor as the signal sensitive element, and the motor or power device and the execution unit as the control object. Signals perform necessary logic and mathematical operations to provide correct control signals for motors or other power and actuators.
The motion controller is composed of hardware, firmware, software, etc. The hardware part includes microprocessors, memory, interface circuits, communication interfaces, power supplies, etc.; firmware refers to the components solidified in microprocessors, memory, programmable logic devices, etc. Software; the software part is composed of real-time operating system, motion control instruction compiler, preprocessing and optimization of motion control parameters, motion control functions, communication management and other modules.
The motion controller is responsible for transmitting control commands to the servo system and other components. It is the core module of the motion control system, and its performance directly determines the performance level of the motion control system. Motion controllers can be divided into plug-in motion controllers, embedded motion controllers and network motion controllers.
B. Servo system
The servo system is a system that can automatically control the mechanical movement according to the predetermined requirements. Its function is to make the output mechanical displacement (or rotation angle) accurately track the input displacement (or rotation angle), so that the output variable can accurately follow or reproduce the input variable.
A servo system usually consists of a driver and a motor. The driver is a device used to control the motor. It is mainly used in high-precision positioning systems. Generally, the servo motor is controlled by three methods of position, speed and torque to achieve high-precision positioning of the transmission system. The motor refers to the engine that controls the operation of mechanical components in the servo system. It can accurately control the speed and position, and can convert the voltage signal into torque and speed to drive the controlled object.
Characteristics and development trend of motion control system industry
AC servo system is divided into permanent magnet synchronous AC servo system, induction AC servo AC servo system, reluctance synchronous AC servo system and brushless DC servo system according to different motor operation principles. The current market is dominated by permanent magnet synchronous motor and systemless brush DC Mainly servo motor. The AC servo motor achieves accurate notification of current through the commutation of the driver’s magnetic field. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high torque density, high efficiency, large torque, fast response, and high reliability. It is widely used in industrial scenarios.
The DC servo system is composed of a DC servo driver and a DC servo motor. The DC servo motor is commutated through the brush DC servo, and the driver only needs to output positive and negative DC motors to drive the motor to run forward and reverse. Due to the system output characteristics of the DC motor, its torque is linear and stable, and it is usually used in the field of high-precision control. At the same time, the DC servo motor can be equipped with an encoder to form a closed-loop system. Therefore, the DC servo system can accurately grasp the rotation of the motor and achieve precise positioning.
The stepping system is composed of a stepping driver and a stepping motor. After the stepping driver receives the command signal, it drives the stepping system into the motor to rotate a fixed angle in the set direction, so it can be controlled by the number of control pulses sent by the driver. Control the angular displacement, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning. The stepping system is usually an open-loop system, and a closed-loop control system can also be formed after adding an encoder to the stepping motor.
