The subdivision control of the stepper motor, in essence, is through the control of the current in the excitation winding of the stepper motor, so that the synthetic magnetic field inside the stepper motor is a uniform circular rotating magnetic field, so as to realize the subdivision of the stepper motor step angle, in general, the amplitude of the synthetic magnetic field vector determines the size of the stepper motor rotational moment, the size of the angle between the adjacent two synthetic magnetic field vectors determines the size of the step angle, and the stepper motor half-step working mode implies the working principle of subdivision.
There are many ways to implement subdivision, the most common is the pulse-width modulated chopper drive method, and most dedicated stepper motor driver chips use this driving method.
Stepper motor is a pure digital control motor, it will convert the electrical pulse signal into angular displacement, that is, give a pulse, the stepper motor will turn an angle, so it is very suitable for single-chip control, in the case of non-overload, the speed of the motor, the position of the stop only depends on the frequency of the pulse signal and the number of pulses, and is not affected by the load change, the motor turns a step angle, while the stepper motor only periodic no cumulative error, high precision.