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How does a pulse generator drive a stepper motor? Dear experts, can the pulse signal of the optical encoder drive the stepper motor directly through the stepper motor driver? If not, what should I do? Thank you all!

by (62.8k points)

8 Answers

+3 votes
 
Best answer

The pulse generator drives the stepper motor mainly by generating a control signal (pulse signal). The following is the detailed process of the pulse generator driving the stepper motor:

Basic principle of stepper motor

A stepper motor is a motor that converts an electrical pulse signal into a corresponding angular displacement or linear displacement. For each input pulse signal, the rotor rotates an angle or moves forward one step. The angular displacement or linear displacement output is proportional to the number of input pulses, and the speed is proportional to the pulse frequency. Therefore, the stepper motor is also called a pulse motor.

Working principle of pulse generator

The pulse generator is usually composed of an oscillator, a counter, a multivibrator circuit, a trigger, etc., and its working principle is as follows:

1. Oscillator: responsible for generating a stable oscillation signal of a certain frequency. This oscillation signal is usually a square wave signal or a sine wave signal.

2. Counter: The signal generated by the oscillator is counted by the counter, and the period of the oscillation signal is counted as a fixed value.

3. Multivibrator circuit: The signal output by the counter is frequency-converted through the multivibrator circuit to obtain the required output frequency.

4. Trigger: The signal output by the multivibrator circuit is switched by the trigger to generate a continuous pulse signal.

Steps for the pulse generator to drive the stepper motor

1. Pulse signal generation:

- The pulse generator generates a continuous pulse signal according to the set parameters (such as frequency, pulse width, duty cycle, etc.).

2. Signal transmission:

- Connect the output port of the pulse generator to the input port of the stepper motor driver to ensure that the pulse signal can be correctly transmitted to the driver.

3. Signal decoding and amplification:

- The signal decoder in the stepper motor driver decodes the received pulse signal into a motor drive signal to control the step length and direction of the motor rotation.

- The drive module amplifies the motor drive signal and provides sufficient power to the motor drive so that the motor moves in the specified step length and direction.

4. Motor rotation:

- After receiving the drive signal, the stepper motor rotates according to the frequency and quantity of the signal to achieve precise angular displacement or linear displacement control.

Precautions

1. Parameter setting:

- When using the pulse generator, it is necessary to reasonably set the frequency, pulse width, duty cycle and other parameters of the pulse signal according to the characteristics of the stepper motor and the application requirements.

2. Correct wiring:

- Ensure that the output port of the pulse generator is correctly connected to the input port of the stepper motor driver to avoid incorrect connection that may cause the motor to malfunction or be damaged.

3. Safe operation:

- Pay attention to electrical safety during operation to avoid dangerous situations such as electric shock.

4. Drive mode selection:

- Select the appropriate stepper motor drive mode (such as open-loop drive, closed-loop drive, etc.) according to the application requirements to obtain the best control effect and performance.

Through the above steps and precautions, the pulse generator can effectively drive the stepper motor for precise angular displacement or linear displacement control.

by (45.1k points)
selected by
+1 vote

Look at the voltage and current specifications of the encoder output signal signal and the voltage and current specifications of the driver input signal. Usually yes.

by (128k points)
+2 votes

These are no problem, it can already be driven, but the pulse generator is A and B two-phase output, 90 degrees of phase difference from each other, is to use the computer to judge the direction of rotation, my problem is how to judge the direction without the computer, so that the direction of rotation of the stepper motor is the same as the direction of the pulse generator!

by (116k points)
+1 vote

What form of signal does the driver want? It is usually directly to the drive and does not require a computer

by (34.6k points)
+1 vote

The driver has two signals, 1 is pulse + direction and 1 is double pulse. Now neither can meet the requirements, the first lacks direction, and the second has no direction, so the motor can only turn in one direction.

by (34.6k points)
+1 vote

What brand of stepper drive do you use? Many drivers directly give A/B signals when using pulses + directional signals, which can also seem normal and can be forward-rotated and reversed. 

If you really can't use a driver, then you have to add a conversion circuit.

by (128k points)
+1 vote

The output signal type of the optical encoder you can choose is pulse + direction output, and the step driver also uses pulse + direction input, so the problem is solved.

by (116k points)
+1 vote

Our company's drive products have USB and universal interface, the upper software is completely based on Windows to design, man-machine interface, no encoder required, the whole software to help you easily realize the drive and control.

by (116k points)

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