Answer: Magnetic stripe navigation, laser navigation, visual navigation and SLAM navigation.
Answer analysis: Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) use a variety of methods for navigation, including magnetic stripe navigation, laser navigation, visual navigation, and SLAM navigation.
* Magnetic stripe navigation: Continuous navigation information is provided by magnetic stripes laid on the ground, and AGVs read magnetic stripe signals through magnetic sensors for navigation. This method is low-cost and mature in technology, but the magnetic stripes are easily damaged and the path is difficult to change.
* Laser navigation: Use sensors such as laser radar or cameras to perceive the surrounding environment, and achieve autonomous navigation through algorithm processing. Laser navigation has high accuracy and strong flexibility, but it is expensive and has certain requirements for the environment.
* Visual navigation: Capture images of the surrounding environment through cameras, and use computer vision technology to process them for navigation. This method is low-cost and has a wide range of applications, but it is technically difficult and has high requirements for ambient lighting and target recognition.
* SLAM navigation: Based on the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm, the sensors carried by the AGV itself perceive the characteristics of the surrounding environment, and combine internal sensor information to achieve positioning and navigation. This method is highly adaptable and flexible, but the technical difficulty and cost are also high.
Each navigation method has its own unique advantages and limitations. The choice depends on the specific application scenario and requirements.